Every year from March to May hundreds of thousands of seals are killed in Canada. For the hunters in rural Canada the seal hunt is a humane way to make a living; for animal advocates the seal hunt is needless, brutal slaughter. Highly controversial, the Canadian seal hunt fuels a bitter debate between the two groups as each side defends their cause.
The Rules Surrounding Today’s Canadian Seal Hunt
When it comes to hunting a seal, Canada has plenty of rules. In 2009 the harp seal quota was 280,000 seals, however this number is set to rise to 330,000 in 2010. According to the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) webpage “Canada’s Seal Harvest FAQ” there are about 6.9 million harp seals in the Northwest. The hunting of seals is highly monitored according to the DFO, who say they use both aerial surveillance and at-sea patrols to check on hunters – ensuring that quotas are maintained and that seals are killed humanely.
Roughly 6,000 hunters join the Canadian seal hunt each year and they are expected to kill seals according to Canadian rules. Seals can be killed via rifle, shotgun, club, or hakapik - a type of club with a sharp hook on the end. Seals must be killed quickly via a blow to the head and hunters must triple check the death of the seal before skinning can take place. Mostly young seals are hunted, however it is illegal to kill white fur pups – seals must have molted their first coats in order to be hunted.
Animal Advocates Say Save the Seals
Seal advocacy groups such as the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) say that the Canadian seal hunt is unethical and unsustainable. IFAW explains on its page “ Top Three Seal Hunt Myths ” that there are too many sealers for the DFO to watch and so abuses take place every year. IFAW reports that with thousands of hunters competing for seals in a short period of time, seal clubbing is rushed and does not always deal a death blow. Baby seals are sometimes skinned while still conscious or dragged alive via a hook across the ice.
IFAW scientists are also worried that the harp seal population could decrease by as much as 70% in the next 15 years. The group says Canada has set quotas higher than what government scientists say is sustainable. Further, seal populations may be struggling due to climate change. IFAW says government scientists estimate 75% of 2002’s seal pups died due to lack of sea ice before the Canadian seal hunt even began.
Canadian Government Defends Seal Hunt
In a case of he-said, she-said, the Canadian government’s DFO say that seals are humanely treated and that hunting quotas are sustainable. Further, seal hunting is badly needed by the people in the Newfoundland and Labrador provinces. Unemployment in these areas is high and sealing can be quite lucrative. The DFO reports that in 2007 the harp seal hunt brought in $12 million.
The DFO also maintains that they take the Canadian seal hunt seriously - imposing stiff fines on anyone that fails to observe humane practices. In 2008 a court decision fined a sealer $25,000 for mishandling a seal. Canada also maintains that amendments to their Marine Mammal Regulations (MMR) are supported by the international Independent Veterinarians Working Group.
Is the Seal Hunt Canadian Cruelty to Animals?
Ultimately, taking a side in the Canadian seal hunt debate will be a personal decision. For those that support seal hunting or need to hunt seal, Canada has plenty of provisions to keep sealing alive. For those that believe seal clubbing is a barbaric practice there are plenty of “Save the Seals” campaigns to join. Making a donation or joining an advocacy campaign can make a huge difference in reducing what could be cruelty to animals.
Hopefully though, the decision to fight against or support the Canadian seal hunt will be informed by research and an understanding of both sides of the debate.
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